Please note: this Brain and Music Blog has moved! Our new address is www.HealingMusicEnterprises.com/brain_blog See you there!

Monday, June 30, 2008

Watch Dr. Oliver Sacks discuss music and Parkinson's

This is wonderful video of Dr. Oliver Sacks talking about the power of music with Parkinson's. Hear him say "you don't even need a music therapist if you have a little iPod!" Wow! That is so empowering for all the people who love music and want to use it for healing purposes. Just remember, healing and "curing" are not synonymous! BTW, if you have not signed up for my ezine and blog, please go to www.HealingMusicEnterprises.com and www.HealingMusicEnterprises.com/blog.

Saturday, June 14, 2008

Musical Memories of my Father on Father's Day

This year I wanted to do a special Father's Day Issue in memory of my own father, the Rev. Dr. Michael Benjamin Hudnall. Daddy was a United Methodist minister in the S.C. Conference of the United Methodist Church. I was born in Durham, N.C. while he was in seminary at Duke University on the G.I. Bill after World War II.

Some of my earliest musical memories took place, not surprisingly in church and as a tiny girl I loved singing songs in Sunday School and hymns in church. My father always sang hymns lustily and made me want to do so as well. He always seemed so happy up there at the pulpit singing hymns and listening to the choir and would always turn around approvingly when they finished their anthems.
As a little girl, Daddy would come into my sister's and my bedroom and teach us songs he learned as a child and some that he learned in the Army. We loved singing these songs and I especially remember singing "My Grandfather's Clock," "Oh My Pa-pa," "Do Your Ears Hang Low," and "A Capital Ship." If you'd like to see a performance of "My Grandfather's Clock" and "A Capital Ship," you can click below. Even though this isn't my father, sister and me, you can imagine what fun we had singing these songs.








When I started taking piano lessons at age 8, Daddy was always my biggest fan and I remember him telling me at one point that he could just lie on the living room couch, listening to me playing the piano and "float right up to Heaven!" Needless to say, that made me very happy! I always knew that even if my recitals didn't go perfectly, Daddy would be first in line to congratulate me on a beautiful performance.

My father told me that he wished he could have taken piano lessons as a child but that his family didn't have the money during the Great Depression and so he and his family enjoyed singing and making music other ways. Music is a gift from God and I never take it for granted. As I grew up and became a parent and a professional musician I wanted to give my own children the love and appreciation for music that my father gave me. He was also extremely proud of my children's musical ability and encouraged them as he did me. A few years ago, my oldest daughter played her violin in Carnegie Hall and I knew that Daddy was there with us in spirit. He passed away in 1999 and was a very beloved human being. At his funeral, three different ministers gave tributes to him. If you'd like to read what the newspapers said about him, go HERE. I miss my father very much today but I have all of this sermons and a few tapes of him preaching and singing the hymns of Charles Wesley that he loved so much.

Wednesday, May 21, 2008

Birthday Music and the Brain

Well, tomorrow's my birthday!! And it's one of the big ones. I'll let you guess: One late May afternoon, at Duke University Hospital (Watts Hospital) a baby girl was born to Benjamin and Alice Adelaide ("Tumpy") Hudnall. The year was 1948 and I was their firstborn. My father was just about to get his Master's of Divinity degree so that he could be an ordained Methodist minister. Have you figured out how old I'll be? Now to the musical part. Every year on our birthdays, there's a song we hear, pretty much all over the Western World! Just the sound of that famous song releases endorphins in ths brain and makes people feel excited anticipation about the day and the moment. Often it brings floods of images of the past year and years. Hopefully it brings a sense of deep love and appreciation from family and friends. These things are definitely true for me. Want to help me celebrate my birthday tomorrow (May 22)? I'd like to know what music you associate with your birthday and what your favorite music is this year and this moment. I will compile some lists and get back to you with what music my readers like.
The cake in the picture is a lime-coconut cake that friends of mine made at my home tonight. It's my favorite and will be garnished tomorrow with a lime twist. Thanks for all the cards, letters, balloons and flowers! Love to all!
Alice

Wednesday, April 09, 2008

Oliver Sacks, renowned neurologist speaks about music's power


Oliver Sacks, professor at Columbia University, studies people with neurological conditions ranging from Tourette's syndrome to autism. In a presentation, he described the unique connection between human cognition and music.
Sacks spoke on his experience working with patients who suffered from sleeping sickness, aphasias and Alzheimer's disease. Music "survives amnesia, dementia and much else," Sacks contended. It plays a part in their therapy and can even help patients with advanced Alzheimer's.
According to Sacks, aphasia patients can partially recover through "music intonation therapy" because the parts of the brain responsible for musical perception reside in close proximity to those responsible for memory.
Sacks quoted an Alzheimer's suffering patient's relative: "Music is one of the only things that keeps him grounded in the world."

Saturday, March 22, 2008

Important Research on the Brain and Music


The news has been hard to miss: in study after study, scientists are finding correlations between music making and some of the deepest workings of the human brain.
Research has linked active music making with better language and math ability, improved school grades, better-adjusted social behavior, and improvements in "spatial-temporal reasoning," which is the foundation of engineering and science. Physicists mapping brain activity have even identified patterns that resemble musical notes.
Take a look at some of the exciting findings linked below, and check back often for new developments in this exciting field.

source: Copyright © 2007 American Music Conference

Sunday, February 10, 2008

An Excerpt from "Your Brain on Music" by Daniel Levitin

This is an excerpt from the introduction to the wonderful book "Your Brain on Music" by Daniel Levitin. I highly recommend it!!

"Many people who love music profess to know nothing about it. I've found that many of my colleagues who study difficult, intricate topics such as neurochemistry or psychopharmacology feel unprepared to deal with research in the neuroscience of music. And who can blame them? Music theorists have an arcane, rarified set of terms and rules that are as obscure as some of the most esoteric domains of mathematics. To the nonmusician, the blobs of ink on a page that we call music notation might just as well be the notations of mathematical set theory. Talk of keys, cadences, modulation, and transposition can be baffling.

Yet every one of my colleagues who feel intimidated by such jargon can tell me the music that he or she likes. My friend Norman White is a world authority on the hippocampus in rats, and how they remember different places they've visited. He is a huge jazz fan, and can talk expertly about his favorite artists. He can instantly tell the difference between Duke Ellington and Count Basie by the sound of the music, and can even tell early from late Louis Armstrong. Norm doesn't have any knowledge about music in the technical sense - he can tell me that he likes a certain song, but he can't tell me what the names of the chords are. He is, however, an expert in knowing what he likes. This is not at all unusual, of course. Many of us have a practical knowledge of things we like, and can communicate our preferences without possessing the technical knowledge of the true expert. I know that I prefer the chocolate cake at one restaurant I often go to over the chocolate cake at my neighborhood coffee shop. But only a chef would be able to analyze the cake - to decompose the taste experience into its elements - by describing the differences in the kind of flour, or the shortening, or the type of chocolate used."

Friday, January 18, 2008

Your Brain on Music

Ever wonder why a particular song can automatically put you in a great mood, while another can move you to tears? Why certain songs get stuck in our heads? And how these reactions are created by the composer?
Some explanations can be found in "This Is Your Brain On Music--The Science Of A Human Obsession." It's by Daniel J. Levitin, Ph.D. a former record producer, sound engineer, and A&R agent for Columbia Records. He now runs the Laboratory for Musical Perception, Cognition and Expertise at McGill University in Montreal. Levitin says through studies of music and the brain, we've learned to map out specific areas involved in emotion, timing and perception -- and production of sequences. "They've told us how the brain deals with patterns and how it completes them when there's misinformation," says Levitin."What we're learning about the part in the frontal lobe called BA47 is the most exciting. Music suggests that it's a region that helps us predict what comes next in a sequence."Levitin says we've learned a lot about music perception from people with brain disorders or injuries."We've learned that musical ability is actually not one ability but a set of abilities, a dozen or more. Through brain damage, you can lose one component and not necessarily lose the others. You can lose rhythm and retain pitch, for example, that kind of thing. We see equivalents in the visual domain: People lose color perception or shape perception."Levitin says he thinks of the brain as a computational device. "It has a bunch of little components that perform calculations on some small aspect of the problem, and another part of the brain has to stitch it all together, like a tapestry or a quilt."Levitin has also looked at this from an evolutionary perspective, to answer the question: Why did humans develop music in the first place? "There are a number of different theories. One theory is that music is an evolutionary accident, piggybacking on language: We exploited language to create music just for our own pleasure. A competing view, one that Darwin held, is that music was selected by evolution because it signals certain kinds of intellectual, physical and sexual fitness to a potential mate."So how does that play out in rock 'n' roll?"(Research has shown that) if women could choose who they'd like to be impregnated by, they'd choose a rock star. There's something about the rock star's genes that is signaling creativity, flexibility of thinking, flexibility of mind and body, an ability to express and process emotions -- not to mention that (musical talent) signals that if you can waste your time on something that has no immediate impact on food-gathering and shelter, you've got your food-gathering and shelter taken care of."What are we learning about the link between music and emotion in the brain? "Music activates the same parts of the brain and causes the same neurochemical cocktail as a lot of other pleasurable activities like orgasms or eating chocolate -- or if you're a gambler winning a bet or using drugs if you're a drug user. Serotonin and dopamine are both involved," says Levitin.Could music be an antidepressant? "It is already -- most people in Western society use music to regulate moods, whether it's playing something peppy in the morning or something soothing at the end of a hard day, or something that will motivate them to exercise. Joni Mitchell told me that someone once said before there was Prozac, there was her."

Saturday, December 29, 2007

The Brain Experiences Cathedral Bells


This past Sunday, December 23rd, I was visiting my middle daughter in Washington, D.C. and attended the Sunday morning service at one of my favorite churches in the world, the Washington National Cathedral. It was quite a magnificent spiritual experience with glorious Christmas music and an interior and exterior that are nothing short of miraculous. At the end of the service I went up to the 7th floor tower to see the view and heard the pealing bells. It was a powerful experience that went straight to my brain and to my heart!

Monday, December 10, 2007

Keeping Your Brain Young with Music

This past week-end I went to a delightful Christmas Program at my mother's assisted living community in Spartanburg, S.C. It was a double celebration because not only was it a Christmas dinner for all residents and their families but it was also my mother's 82nd birthday! In preparation for this, my mother organized a little chorus of her peers and friends there and they sang familiar carols and Christmas songs. To my amazement, my mother conducted the chorus, even though she is legally blind from macular degeneration!
I have no doubt that those who participate in music-making activites keep their brains active and young and the research in this field backs that belief up! Soooo, keep singing and playing all the music you love! Happy Holidays!
Dr. Alice Cash is offering a very special price to her blog readers on her brand-new Christmas CD. Click here to read all about it and order it NOW!

Wednesday, December 05, 2007

Christmas CD for YOU!

Want to tickle your brain? You know that music is always good for your brain. Add to that all of the warm, loving memories of your Christmases from childhood, and the result is a big "brainhug." Listening to your favorite childhood music is the very best way to get a "brain hug."
As a result, I've just made a Christmas CD for you and I really hope you'll give one to yourself and all your family. Click below to get all the details!! And Merry Christmas!!


Tuesday, November 06, 2007

Musicophilia: Tales of Music and the Brain


You may have heard about the fantastic new book from Dr. Oliver Sacks, "Musicophilia: Tales of Music and the Brain." Dr. Sacks has been on national TV shows for the past several weeks and this book promises to be another best-seller for him. I haven't read it yet but I'm getting ready to order it from Amazon. If you want to order it from Amazon, please go to http://www.drcashprefers.com/Music/amazon.htm and then put in the name of Dr. Sacks book.


Dr. Sacks was one of my first heroes when I stepped into the field of music and medicine. He had just testified in Congress about the power of music in many musical specialties. If you do to to my site listed above (http://www.drcashprefers.com/Music/amazon.htm) you'll also see some fascinating videos of him talking about music with several conditions such as amnesia, Parkinson's and "brainworms." Enjoy!

Sunday, October 14, 2007

Can Music Help a Brain Injury?


Have you heard of Acquired Brain Injury? (ABI) It's the leading killer and cause of disability in children and young adults. More than two million head injuries occur each year. Statistics show that the highest rate of injury occurs in young men between the ages of 15 and 24. ABI is an impairment of brain functioning that is physically or psychologically verifiable. Frequent causes of ABI are brain lesions caused by traumas such as auto accidents, falls, assaults and violence or sports injuries.

Can music make a difference?

The answer is a resounding yes! Persons with a brain injury can benefit from music as a modality to promote vocalization, rhythmic movements, orientation, relaxation, self-expression, and as a way to enhance overall self- esteem. Because music is processed by the entire brain, the structure of music helps to re-organize the structure of the brain. Listening to highly organized music such as that of Mozart often helps brain injured patients to organize their thoughts, activities and even their emotions.

Thursday, September 27, 2007

Alice visits with her "Musical Brain" mentor


Today I had the pleasure of spending some time with my dear music medicine mentor, Dr. Arthur Harvey! I am vacationing in Sarasota and Dr. Harvey has now moved here from Hawaii! We had some scintillating conversation this a.m. about music and surgery and he gave me some great ideas for music to use during surgery. He also filled me in on some important resources that I had not yet mined and will be doing so this evening and beyond.


Dr. Arthur Harvey is one fantastic, awesome, and yet very humble individual and I hope we can have these inspiring visits for years to come! Thanks for helping me to step into this field Arthur!

Sunday, September 16, 2007

Lecture at Clemson University Introduces Healing Music Concepts


Last Thursday night, September 13, 2007 will live in my memory for many decades to come. On that night in Clemson, S.C. at Clemson University, I presented the Inaugural William H. Hunter, M.D. Endowed Lecture. This newly endowed lecture will be presented as part of the Calhoun Lecture Series and I believe will always be on a medical topic. I feel so honored to have been asked to deliver this lecture because the subject of Music as Medicine is still, unfortunately, somewhat controversial. Despite the fact the we have documented evidence from throughout history that music has been used for heaing purposes, in our scientific and empirical data age, many people still see music therapy and music healing as "soft science" and something to be quite skeptical about.
This lecture was sponsored by AnMed Health Foundation in Anderson, S.C. and this wonderful group is already fully supportive of the use of music in hospitals and are providing music therapy and music healing. It was so wonderful to see many old friends there and friends of my parents and many, many people purchased books, CD's and tapes. Thank you sooooooooo much to everyone who made this possible!

Monday, September 03, 2007

The Brain, Biking, and Improvisation

Today was Labor Day and I deicided to do the Mayor's Bike and Hike Event down by the Ohio River. It was a beautiful day and riding the 10-12 miles downtown and along the river was just a gorgeous trip.
When I got home, I was ready to sit down at the piano and start working on my new Christas CD music. I was amazed at how easy the arranging of my music was today and I totally attribute it to the endorphins, dopamine and adrenaline that I stirred up by riding my bike up and down the rolling hills and valleys earlier today. What do you think?

Tuesday, August 28, 2007

Understanding brain waves and tuning your brain

They say that the brain is the last unexplored frontier, but over the last decade or two, much research has been conducted that documents how sound and vibration impact the brain in a very positive way.

The following was found on today's "The Daily Turn-on." Enjoy!

Did you know you can actually charge up your central nervous system through music? Alfred Tomatis, French physician and specialist in otolaryngology (ear, nose, throat specialist) has been studying the functions of the human ear for over forty-five years. Tomatis discovered that with a frequency as high as 8000 hz, such as Gregorian chants, humans are able to "charge" the central nervous system and the cortex of the brain. Through years of research he has found that sound is not actually produced through the mouth but rather through the vibratory frequency that travels through the bones of the body. Every bone, tissue and fiber of our bodies operates through its own unique resonant frequency which combined make up each individual person's unique vibratory signature, or aura. Disease occurs when an individual's own natural vibratory state is out of resonance or is in disharmony. Fortunately, just as the body can get out of harmony, it is possible to put it back in harmony with its natural resonance through sound therapy. Sound therapy involves externally creating sound and projecting it into the diseased area to reintroduce the correct harmonic pattern. So where does this whole chanting thing come into play? We can actually change our body's natural rhythmic vibrations through a process called entrainment which introducws a more powerful rhythmic vibration to a weaker vibration until the more powerful vibration changes the less powerful vibration and their rhythms become synchronized together. And this can be accomplished through chanting. A a matter of fact, our brain waves, heart beat and respiratory patterns can all be shifted through the practice of entrainment. Sound therapy is a healing modality that uses sound to shift our vibratory frequency to bring the body back to a place of harmony. The key to accomplishing this is understanding the basic categories of brain waves:
Beta Waves vibrate at a frequency of 14 to 20 Hz and are the frequency of our normal waking state of mind.
Alpha Waves vibrate at a frequency of 8 to 13 Hz and are typically the frequency of our daydreaming or meditative state of mind.
Theta Waves vibrate at a frequency of 4 to 7 Hz are the frequency of a deep sleeping state, as well as the frequency found in shamanic activity.
Delta Waves vibrate at a frequency of .5 to3 Hz and are the frequency thats occurs in deep sleep, as well as profound levels of meditation and healing. By utilizing our sense of sound, we are literally able to shift our consciousness and create healing in our body. But, be aware that the opposite is true. We can also utilize our sense of sound to negatively shift our consciousness and create disease.

Saturday, July 28, 2007

Music-Brain Research going on in Boston

I love to go to Boston because I have family there and they are part of the music world there as well as the medical world. On a recent trip to Boston, I heard about a fascinating stuady and was going on with the conductor of the Boston pops and his audience:

"Mozart and Dr. Seuss provided the inspiration Saturday as researchers measured the emotional responses of a Boston Symphony Orchestra performance. Boston Pops conductor Keith Lockhart, five members of the orchestra, and 50 audience members were the guinea pigs — wired with sensors as researchers stationed at two banks of computers backstage collected data about heart rates, muscle movement, and other physiological responses.
"Science has come an awful long way in the last 250 years," Boston Pops conductor Keith Lockhart told a Symphony Hall audience of about 2,000 parents and young children during a family concert.
The concert consisted of four Mozart pieces, including the Overture to The Marriage of Figaro— celebrating the 250th anniversary of the composer's birth — followed by two Seuss interpretations, including Green Eggs and Ham.
Among researchers' questions: Do orchestra and audience members have strong physiological responses, as they suspect, to the conductor's thrusts and dramatic head tosses? Is there much difference between responses at a live show compared to watching on television, as a control group will do later?
"We want a window into the brain," said research director Daniel J. Levitin, a cognitive neuroscientist at McGill University in Montreal. "We want to understand more about how the brain works."

Saturday, June 23, 2007

More on the brain, bicycling and singing the blues


At the moment, my youngest daughter is in town, visiting me from Santa Fe, where she is getting more and more into bike racing. I'm trying to ride with her a little bit while she's home but as I've mentioned in previous posts, I havn't ridden in almost 25 years and I'm about 40 lbs. heavier! Not only that, but "they've" changed the whole gear shifting mechanism in the last 25 years and twice yesterday I managed to make the chain jump off of the gears because I wasn't shifting right! Drat! I was really singing the blues on that one. In addition, Louisville is hosting the "Senior Games" right now and so as I was limping through the park yesterday, walking my disabled bike, folks in their 60's, 70's, and even 80', were zooming past me on their flashy bikes looking at me like "what's wrong with that lady and her bike?" One very kind couple from St. Louis stopped and drove me and my bike up to the maintenance tent and helped me get my chain put back on. I'm sure today will be better! Maybe if I could compose a song to help me shift properly as I ride through Cherokee Park...what do you think??

Wednesday, May 30, 2007

Musicians set the tone for healing

The many applications of music for healing: hospice settings, coma, stroke and rehab of all kinds. Enjoy this fabulous story:

Anna Jenkins wears a solemn expression while she gracefully plucks the strings on her harp. The notes fill the room and coat it with an aura of peace.
Next to her, in a hospital bed, a patient is dying.
Jenkins is one of a handful of music therapists who volunteer at St. Francis Hospital in Federal Way.
“I usually am serious because I’m playing for people that are very sick,” Jenkins said.
The notes are dream-like and seem to float from the harp, following no recognizable melody. To play a song a person recognized would hold them in reality, Jenkins said. An unfamiliar song helps people let go.
“They can just listen to that and drift off,” she said. “Music helps people to let go and if they’re actively dying, their hearing is the last thing that stays with them.”
Jenkins doesn’t only play for those who are dying. She also plays to relax those who are critically or chronically ill. She plays for children and the elderly as well as patients just coming out of a difficult surgery. Music helps heal, Jenkins said.
She recalled a story from two years ago. She was playing the harp at a comatose patient’s bedside while the family gathered around singing hymns. The man suddenly awoke from a coma.
It could have coincidentally been his time to wake up, but Jenkins likes to think otherwise.
“I couldn’t help but wonder if the love from all his family there somehow reached him,” she said.
For those who are dying, Jenkins spends a considerable amount of the afternoon playing her harp at their bedside. A story in the Bible mentions angels playing the harp at a person’s death.
“There are rare occasions where it’s a little scary for people,” Jenkins said. “They say ‘Oh no, I’m not ready for that.’”
Although Jenkins insists she is not an angel, she said there is often a spiritual presence in the room when she plays.
“I’ve had people comment that they’ve been touched by the spirit. I don’t want to imply that it’s me, but it’s something that happens in the room at the time,” she said.
Soothing music reduces a patient’s blood pressure, relieves anxiety and affects the heart rate, said Renee Krisko, a chaplain at St. Francis. Krisco assigns Jenkins and other music therapists to patients who would most benefit from the music.
“I believe there are medical healing effects to this,” she said.
Jenkins said she’s watched a person’s heart rate go down on the monitor while she’s playing. She was trained in music therapy as part of the Music for Healing and Transition program.
Although most people will never have the opportunity to hear Jenkins play the harp, all visitors to St. Francis could meet Bonnie Knight-Graves.
Graves volunteers to play the piano in the lobby and in the mental health ward at St. Francis several days each week.
“It’s serving the public, actually,” Graves said of her work. “It’s setting the tone for people coming into the hospital.”
Music is healing because it relieves a patient’s anxiety, Graves said.
“It frees the mind of stress and gives them a more relaxed approach to life so they can heal themselves,” she said. “The body can heal itself if it’s not loaded down with stress.”

Tuesday, May 15, 2007

Born with a 'music module'?

This is an excerpt from a fascinating interview:


JEFFREY BROWN: Music, of course, comes in many forms and appears to have been part of every age and every known culture. There's a continuing debate among scientists as to music's exact role in human evolution.
But Levitin believes that the brain itself has evolved to make sense of music and that we're each born wired for music, just as we are for language.
DANIEL LEVITIN: If you're born listening to Chinese opera, your brain is going to become wired to the rules of that musical form. If you're born listening to Pakistani music, Indian music, Indian ragas, your brain will become wired to those. Our brain is plastic, and malleable, and able to wire itself up to whatever language we hear, to learn those rules.
Similarly, I would argue that we all are born with a music module. We're born with the wiring to accommodate any music that we hear, and we learn those rules effortlessly just by listening.
JEFFREY BROWN: Levitin says there's an area of the brain, in the prefrontal cortex, specifically dedicated to comparing what we hear with our expectations of learned patterns of music. That's the reason we can be surprised, pained or delighted when those expectations are tampered with, something great musicians know to exploit.
DANIEL LEVITIN: When you listen to Stevie Wonder drumming on "Superstition," for example, he's playing in time, and you're forming predictions about what's going to happen next. The additional nuance that he brings to it is that he changes the beats ever so slightly, throughout the whole song, "Superstition," never the same.
So he's going a little bit different. He varies the pressure on the high-hat cymbal, so it's a little bit louder, a little bit softer. The beauty of it is that the cerebellum is trying to figure out, "OK, where is the next beat going to come? What's it going to be?" And he's surprising the cerebellum at every turn, so that your brain...
JEFFREY BROWN: We don't talk to too many scientists who are doing Stevie Wonder drum solos for us, I've got to tell you that.